Slavistična revija

Ključne besede: fonetika | mednarodne konference | Slavifon

Ključne besede: slovenščina | fonetika | pravorečje | govor | slovenska družba | Slovenian language | phonetics | orthoepy | speech | Slovene society

Sinopsis: Z razvojem in nastankom slovenske države in množico medijev je raziskovanje govora čedalje bolj prihajalo v ospredje, vendar še vedno pogosto temelji predvsem na poučevanju pravorečja in ugotavljanju knjižno ustreznih izgovorjav, ki še vedno pri nekaterih temeljijo na predvidevanjih in lastnem fonetičnem občutku. Množica govorjenih medijev zahteva čedalje več raziskovanja govora in kakovostno ter celovito fonetično-fonološko opisovanje knjižnega jezika, pri čemer je v ospredju posebno poslanstvo tako nacionalne RTV kot tudi univerzitetnega študija ter raziskovanja govora (AGRFT, FF, FDV; ZRC SAZU), ki potem vplivajo na srednje šole in medije. Množica raziskovalcev v 3. tisočletju nakazuje na razcvet raziskovanja govora. V članku izpostavljamo predvsem nujno usmeritev raziskovanja govora v smer raziskovanja realnega knjižnega govora, ki ima vseslovenski značaj.

Abstract: With the development and creation of the Slovene state and mass media,speech research has gained prominence, yet it has also largely remained grounded in teaching of orthoepy and determinig of proper literary pronunciation, whic his still often based on assumptions and individuals' phonetic intuition. A multitude of spoken media requires expanded speech research and a quality, comprehensive phonetic/phonological description of language. At the fore front of this effort is the special mission of the national radio and university graduates (AGRFT, Faculty of Arts, FDV), which eventually influencesecondary schools and the media. The growing number of researchers in the third millennium indicates a prolific growth of speech research. The paper emphasizes the urgency to direct this research towards the analysis of realistic standard speech of an all-Slovene character.

Ključne besede: praslovanščina | glasoslovje | oblikoslovje | oblikoglasje | samoglasnik | prevoj | praindoevropski prevoj | tipologija | Proto-Slavic language | Proto-Indo-European vowel gradation | vowel | morphonology | morphology | word formation

Sinopsis: V prispevku so obravnavani odrazi praindoevropskih in prabaltoslovanskih prevojnih oblikoglasnih premen v praslovanskem oblikovnem sistemu tako s sinhronega kot z diahronega vidika. Sinhroni pogled prinaša tipologijo prevojnih premen v praslovanščini, in sicer njihovo razvrstitev ter oblikovno funkcijo v oblikovnem sistemu. Diahroni pogled pojasnjuje nastanek praslovanskih prevojnih premen ter spremembe njihovih funkcij v primerjavi s praindoevropskim in prabaltoslovanskim stanjem.

Abstract: The article discusses the reflexes of Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Balto-Slavic morphonological ablaut alternations in the Proto-Slavic morphological system both from the synchronic and diachronic points of view. The synchronic perspective presents the typology of ablaut alternations in Proto-Slavic, i.e., their distribution as well as their morphological functionin the morphological system. The diachronic part determines the origin of Proto- Slavic ablaut alternations and changes of their function, in comparison with the Proto-Indo- European and Proto-Balto-Slavic state of affairs.

Ključne besede: fonetika | izgovorna fonetika | govorno dejanje | formalni govor | neformalni govor | radijski govor | phonetics | speech production | formal speech | informal speech | radio speech

Sinopsis: Govornik nastoji proizvesti idealan govor koji je vješto planiran, gramatički korektan, fluentno izveden i komunikacijski primjeren. Međutim, zbog svoje biološke prirode i fizioŽ loških karakteristika te komunikacijskih uvjeta u kojima čovjek proizvodi govor, njegov je govor opterećen disfluentnostima kojesu znak poteškoća u govornoj proizvodnji. Složenost procesa govorne proizvodnje i (dis)fluentnosti objašnjavaju se različitim modelima govorne proizvodnje i istražuju na primjeru javnoga (formalni govor) i komercijalnoga (neformalni govor) radijskog govora.

Abstract: The speaker's goal is to produce ideal speech, which is skillfully planned, grammatically correct, fluently executed, and communicatively appropriate. However, due to his/her biological nature and physiological features and communication conditions in which people produce speech, this speech can become dysfluent, thus indicating speech production difficulties. The complexity of speech production and (dys)fluency is explained by various models of speech production and the research looks at public (formal speech) and commercial (informal speech) radio speech.

Ključne besede: makedonščina | fonetika | intonacija | Macedonian language | phonetics | intonation

Sinopsis: The speaker's goal is to produce ideal speech, which is skillfully planned, grammatically correct, fluently executed, and communicatively appropriate. However, due to his/her biologiŽ cal nature and physiological features and communication conditions in which people produce speech, this speech can become dysfluent, thus indicating speech production difficulties. The complexity of speech production and (dys)fluency is explained by various models of speech production and the research looks at public (formal speech) and commercial (informal speech) radio speech.

Ključne besede: slovenščina | negacije (jezikoslovje) | pleonazem | skladnja | podredje | Slovenian language | negatives (linguistics) | pleonasm | syntax | subordination (linguistics)

Sinopsis: Prispevek obravnava slovensko pleonastično zanikanje in se osredinja na opis skladenjskih okolij, v katerih se pleonastično zanikanje lahko pojavlja. Prispevek zagovarja tezo, da je pleonastično zanikanje posebna vrsta skladenjskega zanikanja, katerega nikalni doseg ne določa nikalne pomenske podstave stavka, kot velja pri stavčnem zanikanju, temveč bodisi zanika pozitivno hotenjsko določitev propozicije bodosi vzpostavlja pomenska medstavčna razmerja.

Abstract: The article treats pleonastic negation in Slovene, focussing on the syntactic environments in which pleonastic negation can be found. The author argues thatpleonastic negation in Slovene is a special subtype of syntactic negation that does not affect the truth-conditions of a sentence, but it either affects the speaker's evaluation of the proposition or it functions as an intra-sentenial operator.

Ključne besede: južnoslovanski jeziki | zahodni Balkan | korpusna lingvistika | korpusi | jezikovni korpusi | slovenščina | hrvarščina | srbščina | zgodovinski pregledi | South Slavic languages | West Balkan | corpus linguistic | corpora | linguistic corpora | language resources | history | natural language processing | Slovenian languge | Croatian language | Serbian language

Sinopsis: Zapadni Balkan ima bogatu istoriju konstrukcije jezičkih korpusa. Prvi elektronski korpus u regionu je konstruisan samo nekoliko godina posle prvog elektronskog korpusa u svetu, dok se ideja razvitka elektronskih jezičkih resursa razvila na ovim prostorima još ranije. Ovakav rani razvitak obrade prirodnog jezika je donekle usporen (negde i skoro zaustavljen) nesretnim događajima devedesetih godina prošlog veka. Na sreću, protekle dve dekade bile su obeležene značajnim napretkom u razvoju korpusa zapadno-balkanskih jezika. Ovaj članak prvo daje istorijski pregled razvitka jezičkih korpusa i korpusne lingvistike u regionu u periodu između 1950. i 1990. godine, kao i trenutno stanje i buduću perspektivu.

Abstract: The West Balkans have had a rich history in developing language corpora. The first electronic corpus in the region was created only a few years after thevery first one in the world, while the idea of developing electronic language resources dates even further back. This early development of natural language processing was somewhat hampered by the unfortunate events of the 1990s, but in the last two decades there has been some substantial improvement in the development of the West Balkan language corpora. The paper presents a historical overview of the language corpora development in the region in the period from 1950 to 1990 as well as its current state and future prospects.

Ključne besede: slovenščina | slovenska zemljepisna imena | imenoslovje | etimologija | slovanska osebna imena | zgodovinsko jezikoslovje | Slovenian language | Slovenian geographical names | onomastics | etymology | Slavic personal names | historical linguistics

Sinopsis: V prispevku se predlagajo nove etimološke rešitve za šest slovenskih krajevnih imen, tri imena pa so tokrat prvič predmet etimološke analize. V njih so skriti slovanski antroponimi (Adlešiči, Blaguč, Celestrina, Magozd, Negastrn, Trojane) in občna imena (Jagnjed, Prosnid, Podsinja vas).

Abstract: In the paper we propose new etymological solutions for six Slovene oeconyms, while three more are analysed for the first time. They are derived either from Slavic anthroponyms (Adlešiči; Blaguč, Ital. Biauzzo; Celestrina; Magozd; Negastrn; Trojane) or common nouns (Jagnjed; Prosnid; Podsinja vas).

Ključne besede: slovenska književnost | slovenska poezija | italijanska književnost | italijanska poezija | slovenske pesnice | italijanske pesnice | Trst

Sinopsis: Prispevek začrta življenjske usode slovenskih in italijanske pesnic, ki so ustvarjale v obŽ dobju prve polovice 20. stoletja in so povezane s tržaškim prostorom, nato pa razbira stičišča in razhajanja med njimi na motivno-tematski in idejni ravni. Obenem opozarja na njihov pomen in vlogo pri oblikovanju slovenske in italijanske pesniške podobe Trsta in Tržaškega. Italijanske pesnice so na izviren način upesnile Trst v podobi mitskih, pravljičnih in epskih junakinj z namenom, da bi na simbolni ravni izpostavile pomen priključitve Trsta k Italiji. Slovenske pesnice pa so pomembno prispevale k oblikovanju pesniških simbolov slovenstva na Tržaškem med obema vojnama (Narodni dom, Bazovica).

Abstract: The article outlinesthe lives of Slovene and Italian women poets who wrote poems in the first half of the 20th century and are associated with Trieste and its vicinity. It looks at their commonalities and differences at the levels of motifs, themes, and ideas.At the same time,it points out the importance and role of the women poets in forming both Slovene and Italian poetic images of Trieste and its vicinity. The Italian women poets depicted Trieste in an origiŽ nal way as a mythological, fairy-tale, or epical heroine,with the purpose of highlighting, on a symbolic level, the meaning of Trieste's annexation to Italy. The Slovene women poets, on the other hand, playedan important role in creatingthe poetic symbols of Slovene identityin the Trieste area between the two wars (The National Home, Basovizza/Bazovica).

Ključne besede: slovenska književnost | praavljično | mitično | magično | socialni motivi | izseljenska izkušnja | Grenko morje | Južni veter | Slovene literature | enchanted | mythical | magical | social motifs | emigrant experience | The Bitter Sea | The Southern Wind

Sinopsis: Slovenska literarna zgodovina delo Marjana Tomšiča po formalnih in duhovnih značil-nostih njegove proze uvršča k slovenski varianti magičnega realizma ali vsaj v njegovo bližino. Vendar je treba poudariti, da se je avtor od te literarnozgodovinsko oznake odmaknil s pripovedmi aleksandrinskega ciklusa od te oznake odmaknil. Ključni socialni, nacionalni in moralni zagoni v zbirki novel Južni veter in v romanu Grenko morje namreč preraščajo pogansko ter krščansko mitologijo, poudarjeno zanimanje za skrivnostno, bližino s pravljičnim in ta dela uvrščajo v območje nove oblike realizma, kjer ni več prostora za plodno sintezo magičnih prvin z realističnimi.

Abstract: According to its formal and spiritual characteristics, the Slovene literary history has classified the prose of Marjan Tomšič as the Slovene variety of magical realism or at least put it in its vicinity. However, it needs to be noted that in his works about the Alexandrians (aleksandrinke) the writer diverged from this denotation. In his collection of novellas The Southern Wind (Južni veter) and in the novel The Bitter Sea (Grenko morje), the key social, national, and moral impetuses go beyond the pagan and Christian mythologies, the emphasised interest in the mysterious, and the closeness to the enchanted, bringing those works into the sphere of new forms of realism where there is no more space for a product ive synthesis of magical and realistic elements.

Ključne besede: ruska književnost | postmodernizem | Tri tipa ruskog modernizma | ocene

Ključne besede: slovenska književnost | kratka proza | metaforika | ocene

Ključne besede: slovenska književnost | slovenska poezija | slovenski pesniki | Goriška brda | zborniki | ocene | Alojz Gradnik -pesnik Goriških brd | Alojz Gradnik - poeta del Collio Goriziano | Slovene literauture | Slovene poetry | Slovene writers | Goriška brda | review

Ključne besede: slovenščina | jezikovna kultura | jezikovni priročniki | priročniki

Ključne besede: češko-slovaški kulturni stiki | češko-slovaški literarni stiki | postmodernizem | konference | poročila